At risk of homelessness
Why do people become homeless?
Any of us could become homeless, but you are more likely to become homeless if you:
Were in care as a child or had a disturbed childhood
- 12 per of rough sleepers contacted in London have been in care. (1)
Have a mental illness or addiction
- Around 8% of all households accepted as homeless are considered to be in priority need on grounds of mental illness. (2)
- 30-50% of rough sleepers have mental health needs. (3)
- A 2002 study found that 70 per cent of rough sleepers misuse drugs and half are dependent on alcohol. (4)
Have been in the armed forces
- 6 per cent of rough sleepers contacted in London have been in the armed forces. (5)
Have spent time in prison
- 42 per cent of rough sleepers contacted in London have been in prison. (6)
- Re-offending rates are affected by housing. Home Office research suggests that stable accommodation can reduce reconviction rates by over 20%. (7)
Are black or from another minority ethnic community
- According to the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) ethnic minority households are around three times more likely to become statutorily homeless than the majority white population. Black African and black Carribean groups are especially vulnerable to homelessness, being twice as likely to be accepted as homeless as people of Indian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi origin. (8)
- DCLG research into overcrowding also shows that BME groups are significantly more likely to live in overcrowded conditions, especially in London. For whites the national rate of overcrowding is 1.8 per cent, but for BME groups it is 11 per cent. In London the rate for whites rises to 4 per cent, and for BME groups to 13 per cent. (9)
Have migrated to this country from Eastern or central European or arrived as an asylum seeker
- Homeless Link research found that 15 per cent of people accessing London's day centres, night shelters and outreach teams in March 2006 were A8 nationals. (10)
- Research by Broadway found that in a one night count of London hostels 19 per cent of bed spaces were occupied by refugees and asylum seekers (vast majority were refugees). (11)
Structural risk factors
On top of ‘personal’ factors there are ‘structural’ factors, wider problems in society, that increase the risk of homelessness:
- Shortage of affordable accommodation
- Unemployment
- Low incomes
- Debt
- Welfare benefits system
- Trends in residential care and community care
- Migration – e.g. economic migrants from accession states, refugees.
References
- Broadway (2006) Street to home: Annual report for London 2005/06
- DCLG (2006) Homelessness statistics 2nd Quarter 2006
- Griffiths, S. (2002) Assessing the health needs of rough sleepers, ODPM Homelessness Directorate.
- Griffiths, S. (2002) Assessing the health needs of rough sleepers, ODPM Homelessness Directorate.
- Broadway (2006) Street to home: Annual report for London 2005/06
- Broadway (2006) Street to home: Annual report for London 2005/06
- DCLG (2006) Homelessness Prevention: a guide to good practice, June 2006
- ODPM (2005) Homelessness research summary: Causes of homelessness in ethnic minority communities, Number 2, 2005
- ODPM (2004) Overcrowding in England: the national and regional picture – statistics
- Homeless Link (2006) A8 nationals in London homelessness services, September 2006
- Broadway (2004) Asylum Seekers and Refugees Survey